A Small Nation in the Turmoil of the Second World War

Main Themes and Topics

"A Small Nation in the Turmoil of the Second World War" by Herman van der Wee delves into the intricate financial and monetary history of Belgium during the seismic events of the Second World War. The book meticulously examines Belgium's multifaceted relationships with other nations, highlighting the financial dynamics involving Germany, France, The Netherlands, Great Britain, the United States, and the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. At its core, the book illustrates the critical roles played by Belgium's Central Bank and its private banking sector, the influential figures within the Belgian government in exile, and key diplomatic figures stationed in New York. Van der Wee provides a comprehensive analysis of German occupation strategies, including their efforts to exploit Belgium financially, as well as the resilient strategies Belgium employed in response.

The narrative extends to discuss the strategic importance of the Belgian gold reserve and its fate during the war. Additionally, the book explores the significant role of the Belgian Congo in the broader strategic and economic context of the war. A noteworthy section of the monograph focuses on Belgium's involvement in the preparatory stages of the Bretton Woods conference, a critical moment in global economic history. Further, van der Wee examines Belgium's pursuit of a Customs Union, which would eventually anchor the foundations for the 1958 Treaty of Rome. The final segments of the book provide a detailed account of the pivotal monetary reform implemented by Minister of Finance Camille Gutt at the liberation of Belgium in September 1944.

Writing Style and Tone

Herman van der Wee’s writing is characterized by its scholarly rigor and detailed narrative, reflecting the depth of his research. His analytical approach provides a clear, factual recount of events, ensuring a methodical progression through intricate financial and historical topics. The tone remains objective and precise, carefully presenting data and historical accounts that underpin Belgium’s economic maneuvers during the war. Despite the complexity of the subject matter, van der Wee maintains a level of accessibility that serves both academic and general readers interested in World War II history and economic studies.

Brief Summary

The book provides a thorough examination of Belgium's financial strategy during World War II, following the Belgian government and banking sector's efforts to navigate the choppy waters of a continent embroiled in conflict. From the initial occupation by German forces to the eventual liberation and subsequent economic reformation, van der Wee offers readers a front-row seat to the decisions and policies that shaped Belgium's wartime and post-war financial landscape. The narrative not only recounts historical events but also analyzes the implications of these decisions on Belgium's future, providing a critical insight into the country's resilience and strategic acumen during one of history's most tumultuous periods.